An Assessment of the Climate Damage Costs of European Short-Lived Climate Forcers

Abstract In addition to effects from greenhouse gases, climate change is affected by short-lived forcers (SLCF). These are often co-emitted with carbon dioxide, and some regulated air pollutants. the governance of these pollutants, established estimates damage costs pollution inform benefit–cost analyses. However, impact SLCFs omitted estimates. The purpose this study calculate economic pollutants’ effect on compare costs. Focus European emissions governed in EU National Emission Reduction Commitments Directive during 2020–2050. We use well-known SLCF emission metrics multiply literature values social methane SLCFs. results indicate that average absolute highest for black ($59,500/ton 2050) lowest nonmethane volatile organic compounds ($661/ton). Our indicative likely underestimations. Indicative usually lower than costs, notable exceptions. propose more detailed studies necessary, inclusion into valuation important future